Rose, M. (2004).
The mind at work: Valuing the intelligence
of the American worker. New York. NY: Penguin Books.
While out tramping at the end of January, I took along
MikeRose’s book, purchased second hand via Amazon. The paperback book is small and
light enough to add to the tramping pack but provides a good solid amount of
before bedtime reading. After the preliminary read during the tramp, I have worked through
the various ‘bookmarked’ parts of the book and these are now summarised.
I first read this book at the University of Canterbury
library several years ago, as one of the books to read on workplace learning. A
few parts were pertinent to my thesis but the majority I have had to put aside.
Now, much of the material in this book has relevance to the ‘learning a trade’
project. see
here for completed project resources
Rose’s writing style makes the book an accessible read and
he interweaves stories from his own biography. He makes use of the experiences
of his mother, a waitress and his uncle, a car finisher to augment research
‘case study’ interviews / observations with hairdressers and novice carpenters,
plumbers and electricians. The main argument across the book is the need to
value forms of intelligence that are not tested through IQ tests.
The introductory
chapter provides a succinct overview of the key ideas through the book – that
all work is skilled although some take less time to learn then others. Everyone
who works has to use their ‘smarts’ in order to complete their work with
integrity. Work is fulfilling in many ways for people, providing opportunities
to socialise, learn specialist skills, become part of a ‘brotherhood’ and earn
a wage. Work that is mainly seen to be physical / blue collar, still involves a
large range of cognitive skills to be learnt.
The terms intelligence, cognition and skill are defined and discussed as
these terms are used through the book –notes on these terms provide the
academic references.
Following chapters (1 through to 6) summarise the physical
and cognitive demands of occupations –
- waitressing (memory, task prioritisation, judgement,
people relationship skills, ability to read the context in order to do enough
to get the most tip!)
- hairdressers (aesthetic dimension of hair styling,
bringing together knowledge of hair and chemistry, tactile skills to work out
how to shape different types of hair, fine motor skills – cutting air, putting
on curlers etc., visualisation of how a cut will look on a client, ‘counselling
skills’ to help customers find the right styles, build rapport etc. )
- plumbing
(working with tools and materials, attitudes of craftsmanship, ability to ‘see
the whole picture’, problem solving using logic and access to plumbing theory,
knowledge of materials etc. important role of mentors in helping
disenfranchised young people return to learning)
- carpentry (vocabulary – both
text, tactile and spatial, application of arithmetic to specific problems,
ability to read plans, visualise in 3D, how to work efficiently through
learning tricks of the trade, visual estimation and judgement skills)
- electricians (aesthetics – neat wiring that is also functional, craftsmanship –
doing a job well, physics of electrical circuits coupled with problem solving,
working with something that is ‘invisible’, making sense of symbols used in
electrical plans, applying maths to practice),
- welders (tactile knowledge with
difficult tools, multiple materials and welding methods, reading plans)
- teaching a trade (compassion,
ability to empathise, move from trade worker to teacher, dissect tacit knowledge
to make accessible to students)
- motor vehicle finishing (tactile knowledge,
persistence in assembly line work, problem solving and innovations to improve
quality and save time/ money / increase productivity, ability to find the
problem).
Chapter 7 on rethinking hand and brain provides a comparison
of blue collar labour with the work of surgeons and physical therapists
(occupational / physiotherapists).
Matching the commonalities between how new surgeons have to learn practical
skills akin to those of trades people and yet, there is an honouring of
surgeons’ skills but nor of the panel beater.
Chapter 8 – hand and brain in school provides a historical
overview of the American vocational education systems and how things can be
different. What perhaps is already
happening now in NZ, where there is the embedding of literacy and numeracy into
authentic learning through pre-trade training programmes and through ‘trade
academy’ courses. Avoiding the reading
/writing to be taught only by English teachers and the trades by ‘shop’
instructors.
The conclusion brings the various threads together. The
brain and hand work synchronously together, one cannot be separated from the
other. To learn a trade is to work dynamically both with brain and hand.
